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NB-AMR Codec

Overview

NB-AMR Codec - Narrowband Adaptive Multi-Rate Speech Codec for Mobile & VoIP

The NB-AMR codec, short for Narrowband Adaptive Multi-Rate codec, is a speech codec standardized by 3GPP for encoding narrowband speech at various bitrates. It is widely used in GSM and UMTS networks to provide efficient and intelligible voice communication over bandwidth-limited channels. The codec supports a frequency range up to 3.4 kHz, suitable for traditional telephony voice quality.

Technical Specifications - NB-AMR Codec

Parameter Specification
Full Name Narrowband Adaptive Multi-Rate (NB-AMR) Codec
Standardized By 3GPP (ETSI TS 26.071, 26.101)
Bandwidth Narrowband (50 Hz to 3400 Hz)
Sampling Rate 8 kHz
Bit Rates Supported 4.75, 5.15, 5.90, 6.70, 7.40, 7.95, 10.2, 12.2 kbps
Frame Size 20 ms per frame
Codec Delay Approx. 25 - 35 ms
Frame Structure 16-bit encoded frames with CRC error detection
Algorithm Algebraic Code Excited Linear Prediction (ACELP)
Voice Activity Detection Yes (Includes Discontinuous Transmission support)
Error Resilience Robust against transmission errors and packet loss
Complexity Moderate - suitable for mobile platforms

Applications Areas of NB-AMR Codec

Mobile & Cellular Communication

  • Standard voice codec for GSM and UMTS networks
  • Widely used in 2G/3G circuit-switched networks

IP and VoIP Applications

  • SIP Clients and VoIP systems
  • WebRTC, conferencing software
  • Softphone and collaboration tools

Multimedia & Messaging

  • MMS support (.amr file format)
  • Voice recordings in 3GP, AMR file containers

Consumer & Playback Devices

  • Smartphones, feature phones
  • Embedded voice applications
  • Media playback (support via Android, FFmpeg, etc.)

Performance Summary - LC3/LC3Plus Codec

Bitrate (kbps) Speech Quality (MOS-LQO) Use Case
4.75 ~3.2 Low-bitrate, poor network conditions
7.95 ~3.8 Moderate quality, efficient transmission
12.2 ~4.2 Maximum quality (standard telephony voice)

Supported Platforms

  • Operating Systems: Linux, Android, iOS, Embedded RTOS
  • Architectures: ARM Cortex-A/R/M, NEON/SIMD, x86/x64, MIPS DSP, Andes DSP, Verisilicon ZSP

Choose the NB-AMR Codec?

High speech quality over mobile and VoIP networks

Bandwidth efficiency and scalable bitrate control

Resilience to network conditions and errors

Mature, proven adoption in GSM/UMTS systems globally

Support for real-time voice and stored multimedia use cases

Low-complexity suitable for constrained hardware

Excellent efficiency and resilience for circuit-switched networks

References & Standards - NB-AMR Codec

  • ETSI TS 126.071 -AMR Speech Codec: General Description
  • ETSI TS 126.090 - AMR Codec Transcoding functions
  • ETSI TS 126.091 - AMR Codec Error concealment of lost frames
  • ETSI TS 126.092 -AMR Codec Comfort noise aspects
  • ETSI TS 126.093 -AMR Codec Source controlled rate operation
  • ETSI TS 126.094 -AMR Codec Voice activity detector
  • IETF RFC 4867 -RTP Payload Format for AMR and AMR-WB Codecs
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